Breakdown and Elimination
Understanding how THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis, affects your body can be complex. This process involves two key stages: breakdown and elimination.
Liver Metabolism
The human liver plays a crucial role in metabolizing THC, transforming it from a psychoactive substance into compounds that are more readily excreted. This metabolic journey involves two primary phases.
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- **Phase 1 Metabolism:** In this initial phase, enzymes known as cytochrome P450s (CYPs) modify THC’s molecular structure. These enzymes introduce hydroxyl groups to the THC molecule, making it more polar and water-soluble. This alteration prepares THC for further processing in the next phase.
- **Phase 2 Metabolism:** During this phase, enzymes conjugate THC with other molecules, such as glucuronic acid or sulfate. These conjugations further enhance THC’s water solubility, allowing it to be transported more efficiently through the body and eventually eliminated.
Excretion
Once THC is broken down by the liver, it enters the elimination phase.
- THC metabolites are primarily excreted through urine.
- A smaller portion of THC metabolites is eliminated through feces.
- THC can also be found in breast milk, saliva, and hair.
